Pride Of Pakistan

Raheel Sharif, the man who served as the chief of army staff in the Pakistan army. A man who has been the  most  popular  personality  amongst the nation throughout his regime. Giving a brief account on his early life and career this article would reveal his personality and his achievements in life sibling as they are three brother and two sisters. His both elders brothers named as  Sahbbir  Sharif and  Mumtaz  Sharif have also served for the country bravely. General Raheel Sharif who is currently serving as Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army has been successfully performing his military service from the core of his heart. He has served on various positions in the field of military of Pakistan as he has gained great name and fame by working devotionally for the sake of his country.
General Raheel has met with significant difficulties by working on different positions in the Pakistani army but he always remain encouraged and self-motivated due to which he considers as most suitable figure for the Pakistan army.
Career Profile:
General Raheel Sharif started her career by first appointed as commander at 6 Frontier Force Regiment in 1976 and after serving few years he promoted to the commander of 26 Frontier Force Regiment. He then started work as an adjutant to the Pakistan Military Academy as well as also joined infantry brigade where he appointed as brigadier and was used to commanded two infantry brigades.
He was appointed as Military Secretary by Chief of Army Staff at that time General Pervez Musharraf in the year 2002. After few years, General Pervez Musharraf also assigned him as commandant of the 11th Infantry Division in Lahore where he served for two years on the same post. He then promoted to the post of Commandant of the Pakistan Military Academy in Kakul and also served as corps commander for two years as Lieutenant General. However he then emerged as Inspector General for Training and Evaluation in the Pakistan Army (IGT&E) in Rawalpindi as well as also worked as Principal Staff Officer (PSO) to General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani

General Raheel was appointed as 15th Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army on 27th November 2013 by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. Raheel Sharif has played enormous role to fight against terrorism in the country by starting successful joint operation of Zarb-e-Azab.
Education:
General Raheel Sharif completed his intermediate from Government College Lahore and got admission in the Pakistan Military Academy (PMA) in order to complete his graduation. He also did Company Commander’s course from Bundeswehr University Munich of Germany and also educated from Canadian Army Command and Staff College (CACSC).
Sharif was also remained a part of the faculty of the Command and Staff College in Quetta and also attended Armed Forces War Course in 1998 at the National Defense University in Islamabad. Therefore, Raheel Sahrif who is highly qualified also completed his another graduated from Defence Academy of UK, Royal College of Defence Studies (RCDS).
Personal Biography and Family Information:
Raheel Sharif was born in a Punjabi Rajput family in Quetta on 16th June 1956. He belongs to a family which has vast background in the field of military as he is the son of Major Rana Muhammad Sharif (late). He is a youngest one among all sibling as they are three brother and two sisters. His both elders brothers named as Sahbbir Sharif and Mumtaz Sharif have also served for the country bravely.
Shabbir Sharif was a major and died during the war of 1971 with India. He was a class mate of General Pervez Musharraf and awarded highest military award Nishan-i-Haider.
 Similarly, Mumtaz Sharif has served as Captain in Pakistan army and has also awarded SITARA-E- BASALA for his bravery. Raheel Sharif is a nephew of Major Raja Azizi Bhatti who is a martyr of Indo-Pak war of 1965.
General Raheel Sharif has received several awards and service medals which are as follows:
Nishan-e-Imtiaz in 2013
Hilal-e-Imtiaz
Qarardad-e-Pakistan Tamgha
Hijri Tamgha
Tamgha-e-Baqa
Tamgha-e-Jamhuriat
Tamgha-e-Istaqlal
Independence Day Golden Jubilee Medal
Command and Staff College Centenary Medal
10 Years’ Service Medal
20 Years’ Service Medal
30 Years’ Service Medal
In 2015, Raheel Sharif’s popularity grew out of the barracks and spread across Pakistan, making him more popular than any politician including Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) chief Imran Khan. A mosque in Islamabad was named after him last year and his portraits could be spotted on the back of trucks and autorickshaws everywhere. Banners and billboards featuring his image still adorn the streets of almost every big city, particularly Karachi, and many contesting the recent local government elections put his photo on their publicity material to attract voters.

My eyes speak thousand words

My Face would might be dirty

but my herat is crystal clear

                (Million dollar words of this poor                                             chlid)

Nestle Marketing Strategies,Plans And use of media

A Detailed Information on Nestle Marketing Strategies

History
In the 1860s Henri Nestlé, a pharmacist, developed a food for babies who were
unable to breastfeed. His first success was a premature infant who could not tolerate
his mother's milk or any of the usual substitutes. People quickly recognized the value
of the new product, after Nestlé's new formula saved the child's life, and soon, Farine
Lactée Henri Nestlé was being sold in much of Europe.
1996+
The first half of the 1990s proved to be favorable for Nestlé: trade barriers crumbled
and world markets developed into more or less integrated trading areas. Since 1996
there have been acquisitions including San Pellegrino (1997), Spillers Petfoods
(1998) and Ralston Purina (2002). There were two major acquisitions in North
America, both in 2002: in July, Nestlé merged its U.S. ice cream business into
Dreyer's, and in August, a USD 2.6bn acquisition was announced of Chef America,
Nestle Today:
Today, after 142 years it was first used, the nest continues to be the corporate
Identity of Nestle as the worlds leading Food Company and remains the symbol of
quality. Nestle, the symbol of quality and commitment in the field of food products.
Nestle is the world No.1 food company. It is the 5th largest company in the world
according to its turnover. It is present on all five continents, has an annual turn-over
of 70 billion Swiss francs, runs 522 factories in 81 countries, 200 operating
companies, 1 basic re- search center and 20 technological development groups and
more than 231,000 employees the world over.
The Company owes its current status to the pioneering spirit inherited from its
founders which continues to inspire it, to its concern with quality and to its constant
search for new ways of satisfying man's nutritional needs. Wherever possible, it sets
up factories locally, employs personnel from the country concerned and relies on
indigenous raw materials.
Its agricultural services provide assistance to improve the quality and yield of the
raw materials it uses. Much attention is de- voted to professional training and to the
integration of the company in its economic and social environment.
Mission statement
“Good food good life”
Build Branded food business to improve quality of life by offering tasty, affordable
and highly nutritional products to our consumers while maximizing stake holders'
value”
VISION
Explore all over the worlds-from baker to babies, parents to pet owners
single servings to catering: providing for all their needs always with the
assurance of outstanding quality.
COMPANY STRUCTURE
 Nestlé head-office in Pakistan is in Lahore. It also has its registered office in Lahore.
Nestlé has divided the whole Pakistan in to three zones.
• Northern Zone
Islamabad and north outstations
Peshawar
Jhelum
• Central Zone
Lahore
Faisalabad
Gujranwala
Multan
Sahiwal
• Southern Zone
Karachi
Hyderabad
Quetta
Sukker
Marketing and sale
Nestle company launch their sale promotion scheme after six months and their last
sale promotion was "chiller bharoo drive" This was for a retail shop who put the nestle juices
billboard on their shop or sale reception table then they can win attractive prizes. By
this operation they can save all the advertisement expenses which they have to pay to
the retailer or owner of the shop.
Nestle company use advertisement channels when company have to launch new
brand or improvement in previous brand. So company prefer to use Jeo, ARY one
world, PTV home, I vision and news papers. They contract with the advertisement
channels for 1 to 2 months and repeat 2 or 3 time in a day.
Nestle company has efficient market management who’s main objectives for
marketing their product are
• Strong customer relationship
• Identify need of customer like new taste new fruit item
• Maintain market leadership by maintaining the pure quality
• Provide juices which are fit for human body
• Stop brand selling don’t reduce quality
• Quality is our grantee
Communication strategy of Nestle
 Nestle pure life is concerned company use:
Television
Radio
News Paper
Bill Board
Hoarding etc.
Sometime company also makes free sampling, held stalls at different programs like
Health Mela.
Pure Life's communication strategy is weak as they follow emotional black mailing. In
advertising they show emotional feelings to their customers.
Adds in TV channel
Nestle give ads on different TV channel at different time .nestle management
also keep in mind that their competitors use what channel and what time they give
adds. Nestle management also keep in mind what type of customer they attract channels used are PTVhome,GEO,ARY an PTV news.
News papers
Nestle company advetise their products through news papers.large numbers of custmers
have reading habits of news papers, so nestle use the media of news papers to attract
their customer.Nestle select DAWN and NAWAE-WAQT
Billboard
Nestle juices attract their customer through billboard. Nestle company select the
main city in country and those places where large numbers of customer easily attract.
Advertising Strategies









POSITIONING
We will position our product as a high quality product consumer focused. Messages like
“Who knows your taste better than us”,
“Nestle ice-cream now at your door step”;
“Add additional flavors’ to your life”

Article on Social Class of an indivisual

Article on Social class of an individual

Social Class Definition:
A social class is a status hierarchy in which individuals and groups are classified on the basis of esteem and prestige acquired mainly through economic success and accumulation of wealth. Social class may also refer to any particular level in such a hierarchy.
Four common social classes informally recognized in many societies are:
Upper class
 Middle class
Working class
Lower class
For Marx, class is a combination of objective and subjective factors. Objectively, a class shares a common relationship to the means of production
Max Weber formulated a three-component theory of stratification
Class: A person's economic position in a society. Weber differs from Marx in that he does not see this as the supreme factor in stratification.
Status: A person's prestige, social honor, or popularity in a society. Weber noted that political power was not rooted in capital value solely, but also in one's status. Poets and saints, for example, can possess immense influence on society with often little economic worth.
Power: A person's ability to get their way despite the resistance of others. For example, individuals in state jobs, such as an employee of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or a member of the United States Congress, may hold little property or status but they still hold immense power.
The common three-stratum model
Upper class
The upper class is the social class composed of those who are rich, well-born, powerful, or a combination of those
Middle class
The middle class is the most contested of the three categories, the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the lower and upper classes.
Lower class
Lower class (occasionally described as working class) are those employed in low-paying wage jobs with very little economic security. The term "lower class" also refers to persons with low income.
Social classes  in the United States
Upper Class – Elite
Upper Middle Class
Lower Middle Class
Working Class
Poor
Personal Analysis

Define your social class:
Well as stdying the all stated classes above I would define my class as Uper middle class because professions which fall in this category represent scientific and technical knowledge – engineers, accountants, lawyers, architects, university faculty, managers and directors of public and private organizations. Have both high incomes and high social prestige. Well-educated. Difficult to define a “middle class” (i.e. upper middle, middle middle and lower middle) probably the largest class group in society because being middle class is more that just income, about lifestyles and resources, etc. So according to this I will fall in upper middle class category because by profession my father is a DAO (Divisional account officer) in federal goverment, he has a stable job and a handsome amount of income. My father's job is not the only reason for putting myself in upper middle class category but also my brothers play a major role in this as they are entrepreneurs and they run their own production business. From my early childhood i have been living in a comfortable easy environment, all my basic needs has been fullfilled without my personal efforts. I studied in renown school, college and universty and lived a satisfied life. By the grace of God and our the financial stbaility and respect of my family in society we all siblings are living a very satisfied and balanced life and we are very much comfortable in our zone and we would never want to change ourselves for others.
Think about the impact of your class in your life:
Yes every class has a impact on indivisuals life but to be honest the categorization of classs doesnot makes much difference. According to my thinking one must be judged on his talent, abalties and capabalties. Well specfically if i talk about my class i am so much satisfied with it. I am living a quality life my family never compromised on my education, health extra curicular activties and living style. I always had a positive impact of my social class on my life because the idea of mantained balanced life has always been encouraged in my family and this mind set led me a wondeful growth in my life. I was never greedy for more but surely was encouraged and motivated this thought always left positive vibes in my life
Is class consciousness in play?
Class consciousness is basically awareness of social standing. Defining a person social class would be more like defining how much they really know about their class. By the term class consciousness people can even take it in negative cannotation about people who are always concious about brands, class, society,image but I think that the term class consciousness here is not used in the sense of having complexes it is about that do the people who belong to the particular social class are aware of their social standing or not are they aware of their position in the society do they have complete understanding of their social class or not. Particuraly talking about my self so I am totally awared of my class,Posistion and standing in society. Knowing your class is not born knowledge with the passage of time you learn step by step by observing society, family and the objects which revolve around you clarifies where you stand. The most important thing about your class is being comfortable and satisfied in it the urge or the greediness of fixing yourself among elites and showing yourselves as elites following brands and keeping brand image will surely disturb your mental stability and peace of mind. Keeping your self positive and satisfied in your own class can lead you to unstopable sucess in life.

Brand War

The brand is just a perception, and perception will match reality over time. Sometimes it will be ahead, other times it will be behind. But a brand is simply a collective impression some have about a product. 

Brands are a type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name. Today brands might be a valuable asset, which brings companies earnings to unexpected heights. Brands with good reputations are well known in the markets and make consumers satisfied with high quality products or services and sometimes better value for money. Of course, brand‗s good reputation should be built and managers should make strategic steps to keep consumers loyal by doing various marketing activities. Strong brands usually become strong because they become famous and desirable. To become a desirable or a famous brand must be different and give some added value to the consumer. A good brand will make you feel good about the choice you have made, to buy it and to use it. A good brand will help you make that choice in the first place, and it can do that because it knows how to make you feel good.

Brand managers are assumed to be able to control consumer brand choice behavior by ensuring an optimum mix between the four main elements of the marketing mix. The marketing mix is hence a key instrument for understanding and facilitating transactions between the company and the market. The logic is that a brand will succeed only if the manufacturer of that brand is able to produce a product that delivers high utility benefits, then sells it at the right price.

When we have various brands of one product, it leads towards brand war.  Brand wars basically means the responses given by a company against its competitor. Two or more competitors become rivals. Rival brands have been challenging each other through a wide range of advertising mediums – from posters and billboard ads to videos and emails.

Brand war is meant for sales promotion, comparing products and/or services of a company with the same of  rivals. It is believed that the Brand war aims at highlighting the advantages of the product. It is also used to drive sales by comparing and contrasting. Marketers in the field think that there may be reasons behind Brand war like:

Ø  To invite greater attention, through the larger number of views

Ø  To come up more aggressively with bold and loud claims of being better than other players in the field.

“Mass advertising can help build brands, but authenticity is what makes them last. If people believe they share values with a company, they will stay loyal to the brand.”

Howard Schultz

In Pakistan we see many brands war example. The competitor brands become the rival brands now. Often the most brutal battles come in the form of comparative advertising -- the direct comparison of one company's product to another.  For example, when war betewen Tapal Danydar and Lipton create the hype of CHAI WAR.

Tapal: “Chai ka label Yellow ho ya Orange, strong chai to Tapal Danedar hi hai”

Lipton was equally responsive, bringing in their big guns with the controversial star Hamza Ali Abbasi as the face of their campaign.

Lipton:  “Lipton ek baar, bhool jaogay Daanaydaar. Maza na aaey to paisay wapas!”

When two competitors doing such things through their advertising, many other brands also jump into this and try to make their brand more visible. In the war of Tapal Danydar and Lipton, Everyday Milk, Interwood, Hilal cupcake and and LU biscuits try to make themselves prominent.

For example,

Everyday milk: “Chai lajawab ho ya danedar, only Nestle Everyday makes it khaas!”

Interwood: “Chaahay Chai jo bhi ho, rakhi tou hamari table pey jati hai”

Hilal cupcake: “Danedar chai ka Lajawab saath”

LU biscuits: “Chai jo bhi ho janaab, humara maza Lajawaab”

Once the line is drawn, it's up to the opposition to either fire back or ignore its competitor. Some companies have been duking it out for decades, like Coke and Pepsi. Others took decades to respond. Apple ran its first anti-PC advertisement in 1984, and Microsoft didn't fight back until recently. It let hardware makers like Dell and HP do the fighting.

Brands value for the companies more than their tangible assets. The brand provides distinct benefits, promise, and delivers high level assurance to customers. Brand helps customer in decision making by building trust and assurance of standards. A brand helps companies in building strong customer base. A brand provides customer and employees who work for them a feeling of pride, if someone is working with Infosys and Microsoft, company brand name motivates employees that they are working with some branded institution. Technology never remains same, its keep on changing, same like brands which keep on innovating to become successful. Consistently reinventing and remain on its promise is the quality of the brand which customer appreciates. Loyal set of customer base helps brand to enjoy a monopolistic advantage over a period of time. The customer enjoys the quality of the products and services because brands create healthy competitions among competitors which indirectly benefits consumers.

Brands are very important for consumers as well as marketers, but, nowadays, brand management is becoming more and more difficult for both. Consumer need to pay high prices as a premium for brands, as well as for marketers, they need do lots of investment in advertising.

Consumers trust brand blindly, that’s why sometimes manufacture comprise with the quality to increase profits. Customers’ expectations are always high for brands and they expect the same positive response from the company side. If customers get a negative response from the companies brand dilution occurs where customers start losing their interest in the brand. In order to make a brand, as Global brand, marketers need to remove the concentration of west and focus on the world as a global village. Making global is not easy, it requires a large investment both on advertising and promotions which indirectly going to increase the product price.Investment on Brand promotion is considered social waste which increase cost of production and making brand price higher.

Sowing Happiness

Milky white skin with dark brown hair and angelic smile, bright eyed Zahra, was one of the many children living in Almas Shelter Home. The home was built by Mr. Imran Khawar in memory of his late mother Almas, for welfare of young girls. This was one of the strictest and well maintained shelter homes present in the province and therefore a lot of donations were collected every year through charities. Mr. Imran had appointed specially trained staff for upbringing of girls. They were also given professional training depending upon different skills like sewing, knitting, flower decoration and embroidery. There were several small model factories in the home administered by the female heads and run by girls. This was Mr. Imran’s idea to maintain the self-respect of girls as they were given wages for their work and it helped to take unnecessary things out of their minds. In the recent years a number of girls from the home were able to engage in wedlock with boys of decent families. Zahra was eight years old when she had come to Almas Shelter House. Her father had planned a holiday and all four of them including her, her mother, father and brother Zamir were going to a hill station. She remembered saying her mother, who was the most beautiful women she had seen to date, that this would be the most memorable visit of her life. Undoubtedly, Zahra remembered it every day for first few years at shelter home. Their car met a horrible accident and all she remembered was her uncle Tahir dropping her at the shelter home and Lady Amna holding her hand. She was told that her family had died and she had no family left in the world.

             Tania was the first girl Zahra befriended at the shelter home as she threatened Zahra to tell Lady Amna, the supervisor, if she found her crying at night as it disturbed her sleep. Tania’s mother, Lady Mumtaz worked at the shelter’s kitchen. Mumtaz was fond of Zahra and used to spare her favorite boiled egg whites for her before everyone had started breakfast. Thinking about her fairy room and without her long haired doll, Zahra just couldn’t picture how to be happy. She was no longer fed by her mother and no one gave her a ride like her father on his shoulders. There was no Zamir to whom she could teach how to make bubbles from washing powder solution. Her roots were torn and sown in a new environment but she couldn’t blossom anymore. One morning she bunked a class and put some seeds in the ground, remembering how fond her father was of plants.  Her teaching adviser asked her to take extra lessons of English as she was failing in class but she couldn’t study even if she tried. One winter when she was 13, Zahra caught serious pneumonia and was taken to hospital. Tania and Ayesha, her two closest friends visited her regularly in the hospital. She was too weak when she came back to shelter home and was thrown a Get Well Soon party by her teachers and friends and it was the first time when Zahra realized that she is not completely alone in the world. She gradually started taking interest in her studies and enrolled herself in the embroidery lessons. Her grades improved and she started helping Mumtaz in kitchen as well who taught her to cook Apple pie just like her late mother. Accepting the atmosphere, her plant had started blooming in shelter house’s sunlight and so had her heart.

           Yearly there was a fair called “Healthy Society Fair” held at the city stadium and different societies and clubs displayed their art works and handicrafts on stalls in it. Zahra was on the participating team from her shelter home. She had embroidered pouches with beautiful peacock using beads of different colors. Ayesha had made paper flowers and sprayed them with beautiful colors. They were working on the theme “Happiness”. Tehmina had sewn white scarfs with silver silk wings on them. “What is happiness for you? she asked Zahra. Zahra looked at the wings and said “Being blessed enough to have people around you who love you” and smiled back at her. The day fair was scheduled, Zahra went ill but upon Lady Amna’s insistence, she went with the team. It was the first time she was participating in any such event. Strolling through the fair with Ayesha, she saw a handicapped guy on stall of synthetic army badges. He had lost his legs in some terrorist attack and was smiling while showing the badges to people. At one instance, he held the badge and cleaned it with his shirt and kissed it with respect and showed it to a young boy who was reaching towards that. On another stall, a blind guy was sitting and was selling walking sticks made from special cane and was expressing how useful they were for walking in the night. Zahra’s heart melted as she saw those people and couldn’t focus or enjoy the fair after that. Reaching shelter in the evening, she went to bed early and cried and prayed to God that if there was any trace of thanklessness in her, it was wiped off. She had realized how lucky she was and being sorry, she was actually happy in its entirety for the first time in life. Her roots had finally gripped the ground and she felt strong just like her plant in the lawn, owning the soil it was in.

            At age of 21, Zahra had become an expert in embroidering of bags and clutches and her baked pies were the most sought after cooked item in whole shelter home. She was apple of everyone’s eyes and unlike her fellows she started volunteering for administrative duties rather than working in factories. She was helping Lady Tahira in maintaining the vaccination record one day when Lady Amna called her in office and told her that she was in the group of girls scheduled to be getting married this year. Following night lying in bed, she pictured her life after marriage, what will she be like, who will be the people she is going into, what will be its significance in her life and most importantly would it make her happy. Next morning, she went to Lady Amna and requested her to take her name off the list and insisted on staying in the shelter home to work along with the teachers for betterment of girls. After a long discussion and Lady Amna’s disapproval, Zahra stood up and said “I have worked very hard to stand where I am today my Lady and after a long walk through pains and fears, I know what makes me happy. This life makes me happy. Far happier than I could be after being someone’s wife. Because here, contrary to anywhere in the world I can impact lives the way I know and the way I want to and I know my Lady how the impact helps. You want to see me happy? Let me help these girls like you helped me. Nature ripped my roots and put me here for a reason but don’t rip off my roots again, let me bloom this time”. Lady Amna stood from her seat and hugged the weeping Zahra and accepted her request.

         Staying at the Almas Shelter Home, Zahra requested Mr. Imran for funds and started two computer labs for the young girls for basic education of computer and after one session of training, she started training the girls herself. She was especially keen in befriending and mentoring young girls as she understood the pain and trauma of living away from home. She wanted them to be strong from roots to the tips and have dreams reaching to the sky. Zahra is 25 now, she is happy with her life and every night before going to her bed, she has a habit of telling bed time stories to the girls and giving them rides on her shoulder. The plant that she had sown seventeen years back has become a fully grown tree which is accompanied by small plants sowed by her students. Happiness was sown and is collectively reaped. 

Evolution of News in Broadcast

Radio:

Radio news is similar to television news but is transmitted through the medium of the radio. It is based on the audio aspect rather than the visual aspect.  Radio news broadcasts can range from as little as a minute to as much as the station's entire schedule, such as the case of all-news radio, or talk radio. Stations dedicated to news or talk content will often feature newscasts, or bulletins, usually at the top of the hour, usually between three and eight minutes in length. They can be a mix of local, national and international news, as well as sport, entertainment, weather and traffic reports, or they may be incorporated into separate bulletins.

Radio made its debut years before World War I — it was often used by ships transmitting messages via Morse code, and in 1912, operators on the Titanic depended on radio to communicate with other ships and with onshore radio stations. Yet the possibility that the disaster might have been prevented had radio been used correctly intrigued both commissions, and radio operators from the Titanic and other ships.  radio was widely used on land, sea and in the air during WWI. However, the longwave wireless sets were fragile, heavy and expensive. When the British government acquired the Marconi Company telecommunications and engineering company, it focused the firm to develop radio for wartime use. This led to radio kits being made more portable and voice to be transmitted along with code, effectively evolving the way radio was used.

Television:

Like radio, TV is a universal medium, installed in about 99 percent of all US homes and it is turned on about seven hours a day.   TV is the dominant US medium for news and entertainment.  And TV is an expensive business.  Media is playing great role in every society. It plays important role in setting agendas of public. We all are bombarded with so much information all the day. Electronic media, print media and social media are some common types of media.

In Pakistan, media is working freely and independently. In case of electronic media there are a number of channels are working including news, sports and entertainment channels. It is the responsibility of media to highlight those issues which are good for the public and discourage unethical factors of the society. Media should be very sensitive while presenting its country towards the world. Our media tells the world what exactly we are, what are our norms, values and culture. Being an Islamic country, our media should represent us in a good way towards the world.

The Western media is the mass media of the Western world. During the Cold War, it portrayed itself as a counterpoint to the monopolistic, state-owned media of the Soviet Union. The Western media has gradually expanded into developing countries, with significant news coverage focused on various alleged human rights issues in certain parts of Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe. In spite of its claimed openness, Western media has been demonstrated to contain biased material or coverage of certain countries or groups, usually aligning itself with staunch criticisms of those countries still independent of Western interests, and dismissing human rights abuses against nationalities by Western countries.

Social Media:

Being first to report breaking news has long been a key value for traditional media outlets. Though this may no longer hold the appeal it once had.

Following the disappearance of Malaysia Airways flight MH370 in March,NBC news also highlighted various false reports spreading on social media, which alleged that the plane had made a safe landing. False information spreads just like accurate information. Important work is being developed on the spread and circulation of online information, specifically academic and industry studies on virality. When it comes to verifying information online, journalism could be seen as a type of frontline service in dealing with false information online. 

PhotoJournalism

And the YUMMM kaliji at Kashmiri Bazar Rawalpindi

                                                               Childhood is beautiful.

                                                           Old women enjoying tea at road side.

                                                                Picture speaks itself.

An old man sitting at footpath.

                                              And 'HE' is the one who holds everything.

Global News Agenda

We are living in a world where millions of events are taking place simultaneously. Media organizations and institutions have employed thousands of people to observe those events and report them. The news media tell us which issues are important and which ones are not. We have never seen the war situations of Afghanistan , Iraq , Palestine and Kashmir with our own eyes. Even then we have pictures of these disputed areas in our minds. The media's daily reports inform us about the latest events and changes taking place in the world beyond our reach. As a result of this phenomenon, most of our perceptions about the world are a second-hand reality created by the media organizations. There is no assurance and no guarantee that this reality is an accurate picture of the world. Media organizations have their own aims and objectives. Throughout the world, most of the media organizations are owned by non-media owners. The majority of them are owned by the huge business groups like the General Electric Company that owns a number of TV channels, radio stations and newspapers in the USA.

■       World Media is Controlled by one supper power.

■       Their only agenda is to promote them and make coverage according to their own interest.

■       Media scholars have attempted to identify the key variables that shape the complicated international news selection process.

■       Television news programs serve as an important source of information.

■       Television news gatekeepers often select some nations as more newsworthy than other nations.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS COVERAGE

■       Coverage of international news often focuses on select nations while abandoning coverage of most nations around the world. The lack of balance in coverage of nations by US media has been empirically examined by several studies.

■       Golan’s (2003) content analysis of 1300 television newscasts found that 20 nations accounted for more than 80 percent of the overall international news coverage. The analysis revealed that the majority of third world nations received limited or no coverage.

■       Since many Americans learn about the world from watching television (Larson, 1984), a lack of balance in coverage may influence public opinion of nations and international affairs.

■       Wanta et al. (2004) analyzed the relationship between international news coverage and American opinion of world affairs. The authors found that the more media coverage a nation received, the more likely people were to think the nation was important to US interests. Furthermore, they found that the more negatively a nation was covered by television newscasts, the more negatively Americans thought about that nation.

Conclusion:

 It can be concluded that the mass media can play a pivotal role in changing the minds of the people. Because of the agenda setting role of mass media, the media agenda becomes the public agenda with the passage of time. The theory supports the concept of the strong media effects. Now it becomes the responsibility of the media organizations to play a responsible role in their agenda setting, because ultimately it will become public agenda. The theory puts a high responsibility on the shoulders of media organizations because their irresponsible behavior can damage the national interest.

EDUCATION; A KEY TO DEVELOPMENT

We are going to discuss one of the most aggravating issue this nation is facing, but to find a solution to this predicament that has hindered the development of our country economically, as well as in terms of infrastructure, health care, social security and a myna of other aspects. the issue to be raised is the several problems regarding educational facilities which is a great concern to our people. while education proves to be one of the most important factors for the development of human civilization, I would inure dulously have to say that we are still struggling in this field with a say that we are still struggling in this field with a literacy rate lower than what is expected of an independent and affluent country in the in the twenty first century. As conveyed earlier, education is the essence of man power, the portal to strengthening rational unity and integrity and the key to uplifting public awareness.
       Therefore, if we do not, if we do not become more competitive then how can we prosper in today's world? How can we find another cheap and tangible defense mechanism for our nation? As a result if we are to pave our way towards intellect, our educational institutions have to be in line with modern advancements. our educational curriculum must equip students with the skills to remain competitive in an increasingly interconnected world. the measure allocation of funds has to be raised immediately and there must be no room for inefficient, incompetent teachers in schools. the disparity within the system that has originated due to the unaddressed social hierarchy has to be ended and the administration closely watched to prevent any mismanagement or corruption. Scholarships and financial support has to be offered to deserving students and advanced teachers workshops to be introduced.

Movie Review

My Best Friend’s Wedding

In the start I would like to tell the review of the story I am going to write and modify. The story is about a young girl who studied in a college. In the college she had a best friend but at that time she was not in love with the guy. She was a true sincere girl of her words. The friendship was so close that if they promise each other anything, she will make it.

One bright afternoon sitting together in the cafeteria after class, they were just discussing their future plans. They thought that if they are good friends and understand each other, then at a mature age they shall get married. So they decided to get marry only after education and in professional life, years after. They made promise to each other that if neither found a mate before they turned 28, they would marry each other.   

 So time passed away and now they are both professionals and mature to get married. But only three weeks are left for the deadline they decided for their marriage. So by a promise made years earlier at the college time, she is supposed to marry her best friend in three weeks, even though she doesn't want to. When she finds out that he's marrying someone else, she becomes jealous and tries to break off the wedding.  That’s the core idea of the story.

The girl name is Kate and boy’s is Ken. They both had feelings for each other in the first year itself, but they were too young to understand what they felt. But once they reached the degree class, things began to get serious.” At that time, her most memorable moment was on a Valentine’s Day, when Ken presented her with a card on which he had inscribed, ‘To My Wife’.

Ken impressed her on another occasion.One day, a classmate, Julia told Ken that there was a beautiful, fair, and slim girl in the science group, who was also a singer. Julia said, “This girl will be a good match for you. But Ken replied, I would like to get friendly only if I want to get married. I am not interested in a romance. 

When Kate came to know this story, it made her very happy. She realized he was not the flirty type.
One day, she left for the state capital, accompanied by her father. During the journey he gave her a musician’s magazine in which there was an article on upcoming singers. There was a photo and an article about Ken. She thought since my father knew that Ken was a classmate, he had given me the magazine. She read through it with joy but she also felt guilty because her parents did not know that she was in love with Ken.


 For Kate, what she likes about her boyfriend is his straight-forwardness. “He will not talk ill of anybody behind their back,” she says. “Ken is a loving and loyal person, although he does not express it. He has the same friends as that of her.” 

For Kate, the one drawback of Ken is that he can lose his temper. “It can be over the most basic of matters,” she says. “It cannot be predicted. She does get hurt at times. But she knows this happens because he is a sensitive person.” 

Kate is also sensitive when it comes to being in the spotlight. “I am a private person,” she says. “There are people who enjoy being known. That is not the case with me. I don’t like to go for public functions. This hesitation puts Ken into a problem. Because he has to go alone, while the others are accompanied by their Girlfriends.” 

On the rare occasions that she goes to witness a concert by her Boyfriend, she feels nervous. Ken is also like that.

 On the day of a performance, he is tense from the morning. He hardly eats anything, but once the show begins, after two or three songs, he begins to relax. That is the time she enjoys his singing.”

 Her favorite is the first film song Ken had sung: ‘My Love My Life’. Ken’s career took off. So, naturally, she liked that song the most.  

After the studies and during the years they stayed away, Ken established himself as a devotional and playback singer. And Kate was also busy in her professional life having many new friends and colleagues. She on and off realized that something is missing in her life and that was the company of Ken, his tremendous personality, strong support, fresh talks and ideas , sparkling days and much more. She finally came to know that she is badly in love with him when he left and she misses him time to time, moment by moment.

Then the story takes a turn immediately.

And finely balanced life of kate is upset when Ken calls Kate one day telling her about his to Kimmy, after only meeting her for a few weeks. Kate’s magnificent ego takes a fall and a beating, literally. She is completely disturbed, but she recovers fast, a little too fast.

She tells her friends that Ken is making a huge mistake, that the couple are not meant for each other and she is Ken's only true love. In other words, Jules convinces herself and us, that she is the deserver of Ken’s romance and true love. What a story, she tells her friends that Kimmy is not suitable for Ken. She puts her scheming plans in motion to break off the engagement. What a Kate Experience with a twist.

But the story gets better, because it gets a little ambiguous. Kate is confident, accomplished and sophisticated.

Kate is now against Kimmy . Some of the stuff she does are really so cheap, She is putting the blames of various kinds on Kimmy involving her friend Tom.

Poor Tom, played a really bad role to pull Kimmy down. Tom continued efforts at destroying the bonds of love between Ken and Kimmy. Everything is fair in love and war.But Kate is a failed girl. Her efforts are, at best, harmless and ineffective. She's constantly sucked by guilt, and she's as evil as Daffy Duck.

She meets Ken, and realizes that this girl really is perfect, not just to Tom. she continues on a campaign to turn Ken and Kimmy against each other. Tom joins her, and attempts to help her face the truth about what will make her feel good for the immediate moment and in the long term.

As the wedding date approaches, Kate becomes more desperate, but her attempts fail. However, just before the wedding, Ken gets a message that throws his relationship with Kimmy seriously into doubt and gives Kate her chance to share her true feelings with Ken.

That was the Kate’s lucky day. Ken also realized and told Kate that he was also feeling attraction towards her, but he was not expecting that the promise of a college may become true.

Finally Ken takes a hard decision and asks Kimmy to go to his boyfriend who was waiting for Kimmy to make Ken fool and bring Ken down from his professional musician level.

That was a plan against Ken. Because Ken was a star and Kimmy was about to break his heart, after marriage and fool him. All the plan revealed.

So the happy ending appeared and Ken launches his blockbuster Music in market and gains enormous fame while they get married also.  ☺

Poem Book

No power can undo Pakistan